Chicano English

Chicano English is a dialect of American English used by Chicanos. One major variation of Chicano English is Tejano English, used mainly in south Texas. It is mistakenly referred to as Spanglish, which is not a recognized dialect of English but rather a mixing of the Spanish and English languages.

Origins and history
A high level of Mexican immigration began in the 20th century with the exodus of refugees from the Mexican Revolution (1910) and the linkage of Mexican railroads to the U.S. (Santa Ana, 1991). The Hispanic population is one of the largest and fastest-growing ethnic groups in America. In the Los Angeles area alone, they form 40% of the population (roughly 1.4 out of 3.5 million, in the 1990 Census

he phonological inventory appears to be identical to that of the local Anglo community. For example, the long and short vowels are clearly distinguished, as are the relatively rare English vowel classes /æ/. Speculatively, it seems that the main differences between the Chicano accent and the local Anglo accent are first, that the Chicanos are not participating in the ongoing phonetic changes in the Anglo communities (the raising of /æ/).

Phonological features

Chicano English has many features, especially in the phonology, that show the influence of Spanish. Vocabulary includes words like simon meaning "yes", firme meaning "good", flika meaning "picture", vato meaning "guy", and feria meaning "money".
[edit] Consonants variations

The devoicing of [z] in all environments: Examples: [isi] for easy and [wʌs] for was.
The devoicing of [v] in word-final position: Examples: [lʌf] for love, [hɛf] for have, and [waɪfs] for wives.
Chicano speakers may pronounce /b/ instead of /v/: Examples: very [ˈbɛɹi], invite [imˈbaɪt].
Absence of dental fricatives so that think may be pronounced [ˈtiŋk], [ˈfiŋk] or [ˈsiŋk].
Poor distinction between /j/ and /dʒ/ so that job may sound like yob and yes may sound like jes.
Poor distinction of nasals in the syllable coda so that seen and seem are pronounced alike.
/tʃ/ merges with /ʃ/ so sheep and cheap are pronounced alike. A inversion may also happen, causing sheep to sound like /tʃip/ and cheap to sound like /ʃip/.

[edit] Vowels variations

Chicano English speakers may merge [æ] and [ɛ], or invert those, causing bed to sound like bad and bad to sound like bed, or causing both to sound the same.
/ɪŋ/ sounds like /iŋ/: sink sounds like seenk and also sing sounds like seeng.
The distinction between /ɪ/ and /iː/ before liquid consonants is frequently reduced, making feel and fill homophones.

[edit] Final consonant deletion

Only certain consonants occur at the end of words. All other single consonants in English would thus be unfamiliar to Chicano English speakers in this environment.

Most becomes [moʊs]; Felt becomes [fɛl], Start becomes [stɑr].

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